The National Immunisation Programme in the Netherlands: surveillance and developments in 2021-2022. (2024)

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Afrian, A., Andeweg, S., Backer, J.A., Beld, M.J.C. van de, Benincà, E., Benschop, K.S.M., Berry, D.S.F., Binnendijk, R.S. van, Blomont-Frederick, S., Bodewes, R., Boer, P. de, Boer, M.C., Boven, M. van, Brouwer, J.G.M., Brummelman, J., Buisman, A., Carpay, M., Coul, E. op de, Cremer, J., Duizer, E., Eer, K. van, Eggink, D., Els, C.A.C.M. van, Ende, C. van den, Ewijk, C.E. van, Ewijk, K. van, Freudenburg-de Graaf, W., Friesema, I.H.M., Gier, B. de, Gordon, T., Hagen, C.C.E. van, Hahné, S.J.M., Hartog, G. den, Heiningen, F. van, Henry, M.M., Helm, K., Hoeve, C., Hof, S. van den, Hoogen, M.L.L. van den, Hooiveld, M., Huiberts, A., Immink, M.M., Jongenotter, F., Kaaijk, P., Kassteele, J. van de, Kasteren, P.B. van, Kemmeren, J.M., King, A.J., Klis, F.R.M. van der, Knol, M.J., Korthals Altes, H., Kusters, J.M.A., Lanooij, S.J., Lier, E.A. van, Maaden, T. van der, Maas, N.A.T. van der, Mariman, S., Maxwell, A.A.A., McDonald, S., Meijberg, A., Meijer, A., Meijeren, D.L. van, Melker, H.E. de, Middeldorp, M., Miellet, W., Niessen, F.A., Notermans, D.W., Oostdijk, C., Op de Coul, E., Pijnacker, R., Pinelli Ortiz, E., Plantinga, N., Pluijmaekers, A.J.M., Putten, B.C.L. van der, Rots, N.Y., Ruijs, W.L.M., Schreuder, I., Slobbe, J. van, Smits, G., Sorge, N.M. van, Steens, A., Teelen, S., Teirlinck, A.C., Valk, A., Veerman, C., Veldhuizen, I.K., Vennema, H., Versteegen, P., Visser, L.J., Voskuil, P.H., Vos, E.R.A., Vries, M. de, Werkhoven, C.H. van, Wijmenga-Monsuur, A.J., Wit, J. de, Wong, D. The National Immunisation Programme in the Netherlands: surveillance and developments in 2021-2022. Bilthoven: RIVM, 2021. 362 p.

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Publiekssamenvatting
Het Rijksvaccinatieprogramma in Nederland
Surveillance en ontwikkelingen in 2021-2022

Het RIVM houdt elk jaar bij hoeveel mensen een ziekte krijgen waartegen vanuit het Rijksvaccinatieprogramma (RVP) wordt gevaccineerd. In 2021 kregen minder mensen zo’n ziekte dan in 2020. Dit komt waarschijnlijk door de coronamaatregelen, zoals afstand houden en handen wassen. Er waren vooral minder mensen met invasieve pneumokokkenziekte (ongeveer 1.250 personen), kinkhoest (74) en bof (1). Ook is het aantal meningokokkenziekte type W ziektegevallen (4) verder gedaald nadat deze vaccinatie in 2020 voor tieners is
toegevoegd aan het RVP. Er waren in 2021 geen mensen met difterie, tetanus, mazelen, rodehond of polio.

Het aantal meldingen van chronische hepatitis B (743) was ongeveer hetzelfde als in 2020. Tussen 2014 en 2019 waren dat er veel meer, toen per jaar zo’n 1.000 tot 1.100 mensen te horen kregen dat ze deze ziekte hebben. De daling komt waarschijnlijk doordat mensen tijdens de coronapandemie minder vaak naar een dokter gingen.

Alleen Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) komt vaker voor dan vóór de coronapandemie. In 2020 en 2021 waren er 68 meldingen per jaar, vergeleken met 39 in 2019. Het RIVM onderzoekt de oorzaak. Het vaccin lijkt even effectief te zijn als in eerdere jaren.

In 2021 zijn 1.703.102 kinderen gevaccineerd via het RVP. Zij kregen in totaal 2.219.341 vaccinaties. Ook hebben 115.886 zwangere vrouwen een vaccinatie gekregen die hun baby vanaf de geboorte beschermt tegen onder andere kinkhoest. Dit is de 22 wekenprik. De vaccinatiegraad in Nederland is iets lager dan vorig jaar. Dit komt voor een deel door de coronapandemie, waardoor sommige vaccinaties later zijn gegeven dan normaal.

De Gezondheidsraad adviseerde in juni 2021 om jonge baby’s tegen het rotavirus te vaccineren. In september 2021 adviseerde de Gezondheidsraad om meer risicogroepen uit te nodigen voor de griepvaccinatie, waaronder zwangere vrouwen. Het ministerie van VWS heeft in 2022 beide adviezen overgenomen.

Vaccineren tegen de ziekte COVID-19 werkt goed om ernstige ziekte en sterfte te voorkomen, maar de bescherming neemt langzaam af. De booster- en herhaalvaccinaties zorgen ervoor dat de bescherming weer toeneemt.

Synopsis
The National Immunisation Programme in the Netherlands
Surveillance and developments in 2021-2022

RIVM tracks how many people fall ill due to a disease that is included in the National Immunisation Programme (NIP). In 2021, fewer people got such a disease compared to 2020. This is very likely due to COVID-19 control measures such as social distancing and handwashing. There were especially fewer people with invasive pneumococcal disease (about 1,205 people), pertussis (74), and mumps (1). The number of notifications for meningococcal disease caused by serotype W (4) decreased further, after introduction of the vaccine for adolescents into the NIP in 2020. There were no notifications of diphtheria, tetanus, measles, rubella, or polio in 2021.

The number of chronic hepatitis B notifications (743) was about the same as in 2020. Between 2014 and 2019 there were many more notifications, with about 1,000 to 1,100 people being made aware they had this disease. The decrease is probably the result of a decrease in doctors’ visits and therefore diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Only Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) occurred more frequently than before the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2020 and 2021 there were 68 notifications per year, compared to 39 in 2019. RIVM currently investigates the cause. The vaccine seems to be as effective as in previous years.

In 2021, 1,703,102 children were vaccinated as part of the NIP. They received a total of 2,219,341 vaccinations. Also, 115,886 pregnant women received a vaccination that protects their baby immediately after birth against, amongst others, whooping cough. Vaccination coverage in the Netherlands is slightly lower than last year. This is partly because of the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused some vaccinations to be given later than normally planned.

The Health Council of the Netherlands recommended in June 2021 to offer rotavirus vaccination to young babies. In September 2021, the Health Council recommended inviting more risk groups for flu vaccination, including pregnant women. The ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport adopted both recommendations in 2022.

Vaccination against COVID-19 works well to prevent severe illness and death, but the protection slowly decreases. Booster vaccinations increase protection again.

Gegevensverzameling

Nivel Primary Care Database

The National Immunisation Programme in the Netherlands: surveillance and developments in 2021-2022. (2024)

FAQs

Are vaccines mandatory in Netherlands? ›

An invitation for vaccination is not needed. Please contact the youth health service or well baby clinic in your region to get your child vaccinated. Parents do not have to pay for these vaccinations. While participation is not compulsory, over 95% of parents consent to having their children vaccinated.

What is the BMR vaccine in the Netherlands? ›

The MMR vaccination protects against mumps, measles and rubella. Children receive the MMR vaccination at 14 months, and a repeat vaccination at 9 years. It is possible to get the MMR vaccination sooner, for example if you are planning to travel outside the Netherlands.

What is the vaccination rate for children in the Netherlands? ›

In the Netherlands the vaccination coverage is high, at an average of over 90%. But to eradicate infectious diseases altogether, even more people need to be vaccinated.

How to get vaccinated in Netherlands? ›

Are you eligible? If so, schedule an appointment for a COVID-19 vaccination at the GGD now. Or call to 0800-7070 (during office hours).

Are vaccines covered by insurance in the Netherlands? ›

Insurance for vaccinations in the Netherlands

For residents of the Netherlands with valid health insurance, vaccinations under the National Immunization Program are free of charge. Other vaccinations (such as a seasonal flu shot or a hepatitis B vaccine) may also be free depending on your overall health or age.

How to get HPV vaccine in the Netherlands? ›

You can make an appointment to get the HPV vaccine online at www.hpvafspraak.nl or by phone on 0800–1608.

Is the Netherlands rabies free? ›

Several countries in Europe have been designated rabies-free jurisdictions: Austria, Belgium, Czechia, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Montenegro, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.

What is BNT162b1 vaccine? ›

The candidate vaccine BNT162b1 is one of two lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulated, pharmacologically optimized11,12, 1-methylpseudouridine nucleoside-modified mRNA (modRNA)13 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, developed in Project Lightspeed, which was launched by BioNTech in collaboration with Pfizer and Fosun Pharma.

Which vaccine is ChAdOx1? ›

The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) was developed at Oxford University and consists of a replication-deficient chimpanzee adenoviral vector ChAdOx1, containing the SARS-CoV-2 structural surface glycoprotein antigen (spike protein; nCoV-19) gene.

What percentage of kids get vaccinated? ›

The national MMR vaccination rate for kindergartners was 93% last school year, with coverage ranging by state from 81% to 98%. The national coverage rate translates to about 250,000 kindergartners not vaccinated for MMR. The Department of Health and Human Services' Healthy People 2030 target for MMR coverage is 95%.

What is Hib 2 vaccine? ›

Hib vaccine can prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease. Haemophilus influenzae type b can cause many different kinds of infections. These infections usually affect children under 5 years of age but can also affect adults with certain medical conditions.

What is the PCV-3 vaccine? ›

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine helps protect against bacteria that cause pneumococcal disease. There are three pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV13, PCV15, and PCV20). The different vaccines are recommended for different people based on age and medical status.

Are vaccinations mandatory in the Netherlands? ›

While participation is not compulsory, over 95% of parents consent to having their children vaccinated. The high vaccination rate means that these serious diseases have now become a rarity. We need to keep it that way by ensuring that children are vaccinated.

How to get a flu shot in the Netherlands? ›

If you are not eligible for the flu jab but want a flu vaccination, you can ask the general practitioner for a prescription for the vaccine. You have to pick up the vaccine at the pharmacy yourself and have its administating done at the GP practice.

What is the typhoid vaccine in the Netherlands? ›

The typhoid fever vaccination consists of one shot and provides protection for three years. The vaccination protects 60-70% against the serious complications of typhoid fever and is available from the age of 2 years.

In what countries do you need hepatitis A vaccine? ›

Ask your GP, pharmacy or travel clinic if you should have the hepatitis A vaccine if you're travelling to:
  • Sub-Saharan and North Africa.
  • Asia.
  • the Middle East.
  • South and Central America.
  • Eastern Europe.

Is the typhoid vaccine mandatory? ›

The typhoid vaccine schedule in India is included in the list of mandatory vaccinations to be administered right after the birth of a baby: Number of Doses – The first dose of the TCV is given at the age of 9-12 months. Recommended Ages – Ideally, the typhoid shot is recommended for children older than 2 years of age.

Is there measles in the Netherlands? ›

Since early 2024, there have been 147 reported cases of measles in the Netherlands. There is a significant chance that there will be more people in the Netherlands who contract measles in the next few weeks. There is no national outbreak of measles at this time.

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